The Computer and Internet Protocol Address Verifier (CIPAV) is a data gathering tool that the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) uses to track and gather location data on suspects under electronic surveillance. The software operates on the target computer much like spyware, whereas it is unknown to the operator that the software has been installed and is monitoring and reporting on their activities.


The CIPAV captures location-related information, such as: IP address, MAC address, open ports, running programs, operating system and installed application registration and version information, default web browser, and last visited URL.


Source : Wikipedia